On the Practice of Transitional Justice in Taiwan
Abstract
At a point of political transformation from authoritarian, dictatorial regimes or from civil conflicts into a democracy state, the term “transitional justice” often refers to a range of approaches that the state may use to address past human rights abuses, mass atrocities, or other forms of severe trauma in order to promote possibilities for peace, reconciliation and democracy in the future. Transitional justice implies a society’s desire to rebuild social trust, repair a fractured justice system, and build a democratic system of governance. All transitional justice approaches are based on a fundamental belief in universal human rights, although each society should choose its own path.
In today’s Taiwan, transitional justice means a response to the systematic or widespread violations of human rights under KMT’s regime of colonization through investigation of violations, sanctions on those responsible for the violations, and reparations for the victims. This may involve mass atrocities like the 228 Massacre or White Terror, the stolen party assets by KMT and its affiliated organizations, and other forms of political or judicial abuses. Transitional justice practitioners have also engaged with justice measures, including court trials, truth commissions, reconciliation, restitution of property, compensation packages, removal of statues, etc. Finally, the existing KMT’s political system is completely dismantled, a report is prepared to summarize the whole transitional justice process, and there are programs to rewrite history textbooks in order to better reflect the plight of the victims.